Nickhil Dimri CTD Chemistry Blog

   In the Specific Heat of a Metal Lab, we uncovered the identity of an unknown metal by determining the specific heat of the metal. First, we heated a beaker filled with water to 90°C with the unknown metal inside. Then we inserted the metal into a container of 22°C water. After a couple of minutes, the water's temperature increased to 26°C. We used the heat gained by the 22°C water to determine the specific heat of the unknown metal. Calculations Heat Gained By Water Specific Heat of Unknown Metal Unknown Metal Specific Heat 323 J            Brass Specific Heat - 380 Unknown Metal = Brass Percent Error - 14.8%  Sources of error could have came from heat escaping the hole that the thermometer punched through the styrofoam cup container and the heat lost from taking out and placing the unknown metal into the new container of water.

   In the Evaporation and Intermolecular Attractions Lab, we found the change in temperature of four different substances by evaporating the substances. We used a LabQuest device to record the temperature of each substance while it was evaporating for 240 seconds. First, we wrapped the LabQuest probe in filter paper. Then we soaked the probe in one of the four substances for thirty seconds. After that, we set the probe on the table to evaporate and collect data.  Calculation Questions 2. Explain the differences in the difference in temperature (𝝙𝗧) of these substances as they evaporated. Explain your results in terms of intermolecular forces.    Due to each substances' different intermolecular forces, they all had varying changes in temperatures. For example, Methanol had the greatest value in change. This was due to its relatively weak intermolecular force compared to those of the other four substances. Therefore, it evaporated and c...

In the Ester Synthesis Lab, my partner and I synthesized chemical compounds that produced  different smells. We mixed ten drops of three different alcohols with glacial acetic and concentrated sulfuric acid in three test tubes. Then we submerged the test tubes in 70 °C water (H 2 O) for ten minutes. After ten minutes, we smelt the three solutions. Analysis Questions 1. Compare odors of the three mixtures after heating compared to the odors of the starting materials. How are the different?    Before heating, all the mixtures smelled close to cleaning supplies. After heating, the mixtures smell sweet. 2. Based on the smell of the mixture after heating, what functional group must be present in the final molecules that were produced? Draw it.    Ester is present in the final molecule that was produced. 3. Were the new compounds easily identified as a specific fragrance like apple or banana? In the case where a specific fragrance was detected, how doe...

   In the Electron Configuration Battleship game,  I calculated electron configurations with the four different blocks on the periodic table. The biggest challenge I had was locating the electron configuration ships and determining the electron configurations for f-block. The game required my partner and myself to recite electron configurations of certain elements to take down battleships.

   During the Flame Test Lab,  metallic ions were burned and vaporized to exhibit specific colors. Nine solutions and two unknown solutions were burned and displayed colors ranging from pink to blue. Pre-Lab Questions 1. What is the difference between ground state and excited state?    When an atom is in its ground state, it is in its lowest but stable energy level. When an atom is in its excited state, an electron has jumped from its orbital level to another one. 2. What does the word "emit" mean?    Emit means to produce or release something. 3. In this experiment, where are the atoms getting their excess energy from?    The atoms are getting excess energy from the heat. 4. Why do different atoms emit different colors of light?    The atoms emit different colors of light because the energy that was absorbed from the heat emits electromagnetic radiation at different wavelengths. Data Analysis ...

   The purpose of the Mole-Mass Relationship Lab is to further understand the mass to mass relationship in a chemical equation and interoperate the balanced chemical equation. During the lab, we were required to heat NaHCO 3 (s) + HCl(aq) which yields NaCl(aq) + CO 2 (g) + H 2 O(g). In this process, a chemical reaction of bubbling occurs when the hydrochloric acid is added to the sodium hydrogen carbonate. After this, water is added and the mixture is boiled. The water evaporates out and NaCl( sodium chloride) powder is left. 1. Which reactant is limiting? How do you know?    The limiting reactant is the NaHCO 3 . There is a limited amount of NaHCO 3 , so there could be remaining HCl( hydrochloric acid) if extra was added in. 2. Find the theoretical yieald of NaCl based on your limiting reactant. Show your work below. 3. Find the mass for the reaming solid product after the evaporation of water based on your experimental data. 4. Fi...

   In the Composition of a Copper Sulfate Hydrate Lab, my group was required to evaporate water out of copper(II) sulfate hydrate into copper(II) sulfate. This was done by heating copper(II) sulfate hydrate in an evaporating dish. We occasionally stirred and reduced the temperature of the chemical compound to make sure it was not decomposing into copper sulfide.  Eventually the water evaporated out. 1. Calculate the mass of the hydrate used. 40.65 g - 39.84 g = 0.81 g of hydrate 2. Calculate the mass of the water lost. 40.65 g - 40.38 g = 0.27 g of water 3. Calculate the percentage of water in the hydrate. 0.27 g / 0.81 g = 33.33% 4.The accepted value for the percentage of water in this hydrate is 36.0%. Find your percent error and provide a possible explanation for your error. (33.33% - 36.0%) / 36.0% = -7.42 percent error There is a percent error because the measurements of the hydrate before and after heating are not precise measurements. 5. Moles ...